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| Endometriosis |
| Etiology • unknown |
| Pathogenesis • hypotheses include retrograde menstruation with implantation, metaplasia of the pelvic peritoneum (Mullerian derivative) or lymphovascular invasion, |
| Epidemiology • reproductive age women esp 4th and 5th decade • often associated with infertility without evidence of actual tubal obstruction |
| General Gross Description • cortical surface may be dull with adhesions • cysts contain old brown blood "chocolate" • generally unilocular • granular, shaggy brown lining • also affects pelvic and uterine ligaments, cul-de-sac, peritoneum, abdominal scars and occasionally distant sites |
| General Microscopic Description • endometrial glands and/or • endometrial stroma and/or • hemosiderin laden macrophages (2 out of above 3) • usually abundant scar |
| Clinical Correlation • may be asymptomatic or experience severe pelvic pain with menstruation, dyspareunia, dysuria, or pain on defecation • therapy may be hormonal or surgical extirpation of the lesions • complete ablation of ovaries will eradicate the disease |
| References • Cotran RS, Kumar V, Robbins SL: Robbins Pathologic Basis of Disease. 5th ed. Philadelphia, W.B. Saunders, 1994, pp. 1054-1055 |
| Endometriosis |
| Synopsis by: Melinda Sanders M.D. (T87000M76500)[36] |
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