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| Normal Duodenum |
| Etiology • Not applicable. |
| Pathogenesis • Not applicable., |
| Epidemiology • Not applicable. |
| General Gross Description • Extends from the gastric pylorus to the gastroduodenal flexure • 20-25 cms. long • First three parts are fixed and enclose the head of the pancreas • Second portion forms vertical of C and contains papillae draining biliary and pancreatic systems • Fourth part ends at ligament of Treitz • Supplied by branches of both celiac and superior mesenteric arteries. |
| General Microscopic Description • Mucosa thrown up in plicae and arranged in villi to maximize absorptive area • Villi project above surface; crypts of Lieberkuhn extend between the villi to the muscularis mucosa • Villi lined by absorptive tall columnar cells and goblet cells • One intraepithelial T lymphocyte/5 glandular cells • Scattered endocrine cells • Crypts contain stem cells, endocrine cells, and Paneth cells with supranuclear, eosinophilic granules • Plasma cells, lymphocytes, mast cells, eosinophils, and histiocytes normal in lamina propria • Submucosa beneath the muscularis mucosa, contains Meissner's plexus of ganglion cells and nerves • Muscularis propria with inner circular and outer longitudinal layers separated by Auerbach's plexus • Outer surface covered by visceral peritoneum • Unique to duodenum and predominantly proximal to the ampulla of Vater are submucosal Brunner's glands which can extend above muscularis mucosae |
| Clinical Correlation • Not applicable. |
| References • Histology for Pathologists. Sternberg SS ed. New York: Raven Press, 1992. pp. 547-561. |
| Normal Duodenum |
| Synopsis by: Melinda Sanders M.D. (T64300M00100)[538] |
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